Test Bank for Lifespan Development, 7th Canadian Edition, 7CE by Denise Boyd, Paul Johnson, Helen Bee


CLICK TO ACCESS: Test Bank for Lifespan Development, 7th Canadian Edition, 7CE by Denise Boyd, Paul Johnson, Helen Bee

ISBN-13: 9780135286746

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts and Methods

Learning Objectives

The Scientific Study of Human Development

Philosophical Roots

Original Sin

The Blank Slate

Critical Thinking

Innate Goodness

The Study of Human Development Becomes a Science

Darwin

Hall

Gesell

Piaget

A Brief History of the Roots of Developmental Psychology in Canada

Contemporary Human Development

The Lifespan Perspective

The Domains of Development

Continuity and Discontinuity in Development

Universal Changes

Group-Specific Changes

Individual Differences

Critical Thinking

The Interactionist Model of Development

Research Methods and Designs

Relating Goals to Methods

Describe

Explain

Predict

Influence

Research Methods for Identifying Relationships Between Variables

Descriptive Methods

Correlations

Experiments

Research Designs for Studying Age-Related Changes

Cross-Sectional Designs

Longitudinal Designs

Sequential Designs

Cross-Cultural Research

Research Ethics

Protection from Harm

Informed Consent

Confidentiality

Knowledge of Results

Deception

Summary

The Scientific Study of Human Development

Contemporary Human Development

Research Designs and Methods

 

Chapter 2 Theories of Development

Learning Objectives

Biological and Evolutionary Theories

Genetics

Genotypes, Phenotypes, and Patterns of Inheritance

Dominant and Recessive Genes

Critical Thinking

Polygenic and Multifactorial Inheritance

Mitochondrial Inheritance

Epigenetics

Evolutionary Theories

Ethology

Behaviour Genetics

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary Developmental Psychology

Evolutionary Prenatal Programming and Adult Health and Disease

Applying Biological and Evolutionary Theories

Disease Control

Early Intervention

Psychoanalytic Theories

Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

Personality Development

Five Psychosexual Stages

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

Eight Psychosocial Crises to Resolve

Critical Thinking

The Humanistic Alternative

Motives

Personal Growth

Learning Theories

Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning

The Conditioning Process

Early Conditioning

Skinner’s Operant Conditioning

Reinforcement

Punishment

Changing Behaviour

Critical Thinking

Cognitive Theories

Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental Theory

Schemes

Critical Thinking

Stages

Information-Processing Theory

Memory Processes

Memory Components

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory

Social Interactions Build Cognitive Skills

Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory

Learning by Observing

Reciprocal Determinism

Self-Efficacy

Systems Theory

Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Systems Theory

Macrosystem

Exosystem

Microsystem

The Person

Ecobiodevelopmental Theory

Critical Thinking

Comparing Theories

Overview of Human Development Theories

Summary

Biological and Evolutionary Theories

Psychoanalytic Theories

Learning Theories

Cognitive Theories

Systems Theory

Comparing Theories

 

Chapter 3 Prenatal Development and Birth

Learning Objectives

Conception

The Process of Conception

Conception

Multiple Births

Assisted Human Reproduction

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

The Mother’s Experience

First Trimester

Second Trimester

Third Trimester

Prenatal Development

The Germinal Stage

The Embryonic Stage

The Fetal Stage

The Fetal Brain

Sex Differences

Prenatal Behaviour

Issues in Prenatal Development

Genetic Disorders

Autosomal Disorders

Sex-Linked Disorders

Chromosomal Errors

Trisomies

Sex-Chromosome Anomalies

Teratogens: Maternal Diseases

Viral Infections

Teratogens: Drugs

Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drugs

Tobacco

Alcohol

Cannabis

Illicit Drugs

Teratogens: Other Harmful Influences on Prenatal Development

Diet

Age

Chronic Illnesses

Maternal Mental Health

Teratogens: Mutagenic, Environmental, and Epimutagenic

Mutagenic Teratogens

Environmental Teratogens

Epimutagenic Teratogens

Paternal Influences: Preconceptual and Prenatal

Fetal Assessment and Treatment

Birth and the Neonate

Birth Choices

The Location of Birth

Midwives

Drugs During Labour and Delivery

The Physical Process of Birth

Caesarean Deliveries

Birth Complications

Assessing the Neonate

Low Birth Weight

Critical Thinking

Summary

Conception

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Issues in Prenatal Development

Birth and the Neonate

 

Chapter 4 Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy

Learning Objectives

Physical Changes

The Brain and the Nervous System

Synaptic Development

Myelinization

Reflexes and Behavioural States

Reflexes

Behavioural States

Critical Thinking

Developing Body Systems and Motor Skills

Bones

Muscles

Lungs And Heart

Motor Skills

Gender Differences

Explaining Motor Skill Development

Health Promotion and Wellness

Nutrition

Malnutrition

Health Care And Immunizations

Critical Thinking

Illnesses In The First Two Years

Preterm and Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Post-Term Infants

Infant Mortality in Canada

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Sensory Skills

Vision

Visual Acuity

Tracking Objects in the Visual Field

Colour Vision

Hearing and Other Senses

Auditory Acuity

Detecting Locations

Smelling and Tasting

Senses of Touch and Motion

Perceptual Skills

Studying Perceptual Development

Looking

Early Visual Stimulation

Depth Perception

What Babies Look At

Faces: An Example of Responding to a Complex Pattern

Effects of Visual Deprivation

Listening

Discriminating Speech Sounds

Discriminating Individual Voices

Discriminating Other Sound Patterns

Combining Information from Several Senses

Explaining Perceptual Development

Summary

Physical Changes

Sensory Skills

Perceptual Skills

 

Chapter 5 Cognitive Development in Infancy

Learning Objectives

Cognitive Changes

Piaget’s View of the First Two Years

Sensorimotor Stage

Object Permanence

Imitation

Challenges to Piaget’s View

Critical Thinking

Object Permanence

Imitation

Alternative Approaches

Learning, Categorizing, and Remembering

Conditioning and Modelling

Critical Thinking

Schematic Learning

Memory

Measuring Intelligence in Infancy

Critical Thinking

The Beginnings of Language

Influences on Language Development

Early Milestones of Language Development

First Sounds and Gestures

Word Recognition

The First Words

The First Sentences

Individual Differences in Language Development

Differences in Rate

Language Development Across Cultures

Summary

Cognitive Changes

Learning, Categorizing, and Remembering

The Beginnings of Language

 

CLICK TO ACCESS: Test Bank for Lifespan Development, 7th Canadian Edition, 7CE by Denise Boyd, Paul Johnson, Helen Bee

Chapter 6 Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Psychoanalytic Perspectives

Ethological Perspectives

Attachment

The Parents’ Attachment to the Infant

Critical Thinking

The Infant’s Attachment to the Parents

Establishing Attachment

Attachment Behaviours

Variations in Attachment Quality

Secure and Insecure Attachments

Stability of Attachment Classification

Attachment And Autism Spectrum Disorders

Caregiver Characteristics and Attachment

Emotional Responsiveness

Tactile Responsiveness

Marital Status

Mental Health

Long-Term Consequences of Attachment Quality

Personality, Temperament, and Self-Concept

Dimensions of Temperament

Origins and Stability of Temperament

Genetic and Epigenetic Factors

Critical Thinking

Neurological Processes

Interpersonal Milieu

Long-term Stability

Self-Concept

The Subjective Self

The Objective Self

The Emotional Self

Awareness of the Intentions of Others

Effects of Nonparental Care

Difficulties in Studying Nonparental Care

Effects on Cognitive Development, Peer Relations, and Attachment

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Attachment

Personality, Temperament, and Self-Concept

Effects of Nonparental Care

 

Chapter 7 Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Learning Objectives

Physical Changes

Growth and Motor Development

The Brain and Nervous System

Lateralization

The Reticular Formation and the Hippocampus

Handedness

Health Promotion and Wellness

Sleeping, Eating, and Activity Patterns

Critical Thinking

Accidents

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in Canada

Patterns of Adversity

Risk Factors

Critical Thinking

Outcomes

Preventive Measures

Cognitive Changes

Piaget’s Preoperational Stage

Challenges to Piaget’s View

Egocentrism and Perspective Taking

Appearance and Reality

Theories of Mind

Understanding Thoughts, Desires, and Beliefs

Influences on the Development of a Theory of Mind

Alternative Theories of Early Childhood Thinking

Information-Processing Theories

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory

Changes in Language

Fast-Mapping

The Grammar Explosion

Inflections

Questions and Negatives

Overregularization

Complex Sentences

Phonological Awareness

Language and Numeracy

Differences in Intelligence

Measuring Intelligence

The First Tests

Modern Intelligence Tests

Predictive Value and Stability of IQ Scores

Limitations of IQ Tests

Critical Thinking

Origins of Individual Differences in Intelligence

Evidence for Heredity

Evidence for Family Influences

Evidence for Preschool Influences

Readiness to Learn at School

Combining the Information

Summary

Physical Changes

Cognitive Changes

Changes in Language

Differences in Intelligence

 

Chapter 8 Social and Personality Development in Early Childhood

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Psychoanalytic Perspectives

Social-Cognitive Perspectives

Person Perception

Understanding Rule Categories

Understanding Others’ Intentions

Family Relationships and Structure

Attachment

Parenting Styles

The Authoritarian Type

The Permissive Type

The Authoritative Type

The Uninvolved Type

Canadian Parenting Styles

Critical Thinking

Parenting and Child Discipline

Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Parenting Styles

Family Structure

Family Structure Effects

Other Types of Family Structures

Divorce

Understanding the Effects of Family Structure and Divorce

Critical Thinking

Peer Relationships

Relating to Peers Through Play

Aggression

Patterns in Aggression

At-Risk Factors

Origins of Aggression

Critical Thinking

Prosocial Behaviour and Friendships

Development of Prosocial Behaviour

Parental Influences on Prosocial Behaviour

Friendships

Personality and Self-Concept

From Temperament to Personality

Self-Concept

The Categorical Self

The Emotional Self

The Social Self

Gender Development

Explaining Gender Concept and Sex-Role Development

Social-Cognitive Explanations

The Cognitive-Developmental Explanation

The Information-Processing Approach

Biological Approaches

Sex-Role Knowledge

Sex-Typed Behaviour

Gender Differences in Social Behaviour

Cross-Gender Behaviour

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Family Relationships and Structure

Peer Relationships

Personality and Self-Concept

Gender Development

 

Chapter 9 Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Learning Objectives

Physical Changes

Growth and Motor Development

The Brain and Nervous System

Critical Thinking

Health Promotion and Wellness

Immunization

Unintentional Injuries

Healthy Bodies And Weights

Cognitive Changes

Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage

Direct Tests of Piaget’s View

Horizontal Decalage

Concrete Operations As Rules For Problem-solving

Advances in Information-Processing Skills

Processing Efficiency

Automaticity

Executive and Strategic Processes

Expertise

Language

Schooling

Literacy

Second-Language Learners

Bilingual Education

Measuring and Predicting Achievement

Types Of Tests

Theories of Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence

Group Differences in Achievement

Gender Differences In Achievement

Differences In Learning Styles

Learners with Exceptionalities

Learning Disabilities

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Causes of ADHD

Characteristics of ADHD

Treating and Managing ADHD

Summary

Physical Changes

Cognitive Changes

Schooling

Learners with Exceptionalities

 

Chapter 10 Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Psychoanalytic Perspectives

The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives

The Big Five Personality Traits

Social-cognitive Perspectives

Self-Concept

The Psychological Self

Personality Traits

Self-efficacy

The Valued Self

The Nature of Self-esteem

How Self-Esteem Develops

Meaningfulness

Advances in Social Cognition

The Child as Psychologist

Moral Reasoning

Piaget’s Moral Realism and Moral Relativism

Social Relationships

Relationships with Parents

Parenting For Self-regulation

Friendships

Critical Thinking

Gender Self-Segregation

Patterns of Aggression

Socioeconomic Status (SES) And Familial Factors Of Aggression

Social Status

Influences Beyond Family and Peers

After-School Care

Media Influences

Television

Positive Educational Effects

Negative Effects Of Television On Cognitive Skills

Television and Aggression

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Self-Concept

Advances in Social Cognition

Social Relationships

Influences Beyond Family and Peers

 

CLICK TO ACCESS: Test Bank for Lifespan Development, 7th Canadian Edition, 7CE by Denise Boyd, Paul Johnson, Helen Bee

Chapter 11 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Learning Objectives

Physical Changes

Milestones of Puberty

Sexual Development In Girls

Secular Trend

Sexual Development in Boys

Timing of Puberty

Other Body Systems

The Brain

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

The Heart and Lungs

Canadian 24-hour Movement Guidelines

Body Weight and Fitness

Adolescent Sexuality

Sexual Behaviour

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sex Education

Teenage Pregnancy

Sexual Minority Youth

Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Adolescents

Transgender Teens

Adolescent Health

Sensation-Seeking

Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco

Drug Use

Alcohol

Tobacco

Eating Disorders

Bulimia

Anorexia Nervosa

Risk Factors

Critical Thinking

Depression and Suicide

Depression

Suicide

Changes in Thinking and Memory

Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage

Systematic Problem-Solving

Logic

Direct Tests of Piaget’s View

Critical Thinking

Advances in Information Processing

Metacognition, Metamemory, and Strategy Use

Text Learning

Schooling

Transition to Secondary School

Middle School

Critical Thinking

Secondary School

Gender and Academic Achievement

Early School Leavers

Working Teens

Summary

Physical Changes

Adolescent Sexuality

Adolescent Health

Changes in Thinking and Memory

Schooling

 

Chapter 12 Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Psychoanalytic Perspectives

Marcia’s Theory of Identity Achievement

Research on Identity Development

Self-Concept

Self-Understanding

Differentiated Self-Concepts

Self-Esteem

Gender Roles

Ethnic and Cultural Identity

Ethnic Identiy

Cultural Identity

Moral Development

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Reasoning

Critical Thinking

Age And Moral Reasoning

Preconventional Reasoning

Conventional Reasoning

Postconventional Reasoning

Causes and Consequences of Moral Development

Criticisms of Kohlberg’s Theory

Culture And Moral Reasoning

Moral Reasoning And Emotions

Moral Reasoning And Behaviour

Moral Development and Antisocial Behaviour

Social Relationships

Relationships with Parents

Conflicts With Parents

Attachment

Relationships with Peers

Friendships

Peer Groups

Changes In Peer-group Structure

Critical Thinking

Romantic Relationships

Heterosexual Sexually Oriented Teens

LGBTQIA+2S Teens

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Self-Concept

Moral Development

Social Relationships

 

Chapter 13 Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Physical Functioning

Primary and Secondary Aging

Social Determinants of Health

The Brain and Nervous System

Other Body Systems

Declines in Physical Functioning

Critical Thinking

Heart and Lungs

Strength and Speed

Reproductive Capacity

Immune System Functioning

Brain, Gut, and Microbiota Interactions

Health Promotion and Wellness

Health Habits and Personal Factors

Health Habits

Social Support

A Sense of Control

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Critical Thinking

Prevention

Intimate Partner Violence

Prevalence

Causes of Partner Violence

Effects of Partner Violence on Individuals

Prevention

Sexual Assault

Prevalence

Effects

Mental Health Problems

Causes of Mental Disorders

Anxiety and Mood Disorders

Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia

Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders

Cognitive Changes

Formal Operations and Beyond

Critical Thinking

Intelligence

IQ Scores

Crystallized and Fluid Intelligence

Post-Secondary Education

Critical Thinking

Developmental Impact

Summary

Physical Functioning

Health Promotion and Wellness

Cognitive Changes

Post-Secondary Education

 

Chapter 14 Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Erikson’s Stage of Intimacy Versus Isolation

Critical Thinking

Levinson’s Life Structures

Emerging Adulthood

Intimate Relationships

Theories of Mate Selection

Evolutionary Theories

Social Role Theory

The Neuroscience of Human Attachment

Psychological Aspects of Marriage

Relationship Quality

The Role of Attachment

The Role of Love

Conflict Management

Divorce

Psychological Effects

Economic Effects

Cohabiting Heterosexual Couples

Gay and Lesbian Couples

Singlehood

Parenthood and Other Relationships

Parenthood

The Desire to Become a Parent

The Transition Experience

Postpartum Depression

Developmental Impact of Parenthood

Life Without Children

Social Networks

Family

Friends

Critical Thinking

Sex Differences In Relationship Styles

The Role of Worker

Choosing an Occupation

Family Influences

Gender

Personality

Career Development

Super’s Stages of Career Development

Job Satisfaction

Gender Differences in Work Patterns

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Intimate Relationships

Parenthood and Other Relationships

The Role of Worker

 

CLICK TO ACCESS: Test Bank for Lifespan Development, 7th Canadian Edition, 7CE by Denise Boyd, Paul Johnson, Helen Bee

Chapter 15 Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Physical Changes

The Brain and Nervous System

The Reproductive System

Male Climacteric

Menopause

Menopausal Phases

Psychological Effects Of Menopause

Sexual Activity

The Skeletal System

Vision and Hearing

Health Promotion and Wellness

Health Trends at Mid-Life

Cancer

Cardiovascular Disease

General Risk Factors

Personality and Health

Gender and Health

Mental Health

Alcohol Use Disorder

Cognitive Functioning

A Model of Physical and Cognitive Aging

Health and Cognitive Functioning

Changes in Memory and Cognition

Memory Function

Semantic and Episodic Memories

Use it or Lose it?

New Learning

Creativity

Critical Thinking

Summary

Physical Changes

Health Promotion and Wellness

Cognitive Functioning

 

Chapter 16 Social and Personality Development in Middle Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Erikson’s Generativity Versus Stagnation Stage

Research on Generativity

Vaillant’s Revision of Erikson’s Theory

Mid-Life Crisis: Fact or Fiction?

A Life Events Approach

Changes in Relationships and Personality

Partnerships

The Role of the Caregiver

Sandwich Generation

Grandparenting

Friends

Continuity and Change in Personality

Critical Thinking

Mid-Life Career Issues

Quality of Work Life

Work Satisfaction

Job Performance

Unemployment and Career Transitions

Involuntary Career Changers

Voluntary Career Changers

Preparing for Retirement

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Changes in Relationships and Personality

Mid-Life Career Issues

 

Chapter 17 Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Variability in Late Adulthood

Life Expectancy and Longevity

Subgroups

Life Expectancy

Longevity

Theories of Biological Aging

The Hayflick Limit

Telomeres

Telomerase

Cellular Damage

Stem Cells

The Role of Epigenetics in Stem Cell Aging

Critical Thinking

Health

Self-Rated Health

Limitations on Activities

Health Habits

Critical Thinking

Physical Changes

The Brain and Nervous System

The Senses

Vision

Hearing

Taste, Smell, and Touch

Critical Thinking

Behavioural Effects of Physical Changes

General Slowing

Sleeping and Eating Patterns

Critical Thinking

Motor Functions

Sexual Activity

Mental Health

Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias

Diagnosing and Dealing with Alzheimer’s Disease

Heredity and Alzheimer’s Disease

Other Types of Dementia

Incidence of Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias

Depression

Diagnosis

Risk Factors

Suicide

Prevention and Interventions

Cognitive Changes

Memory

Short-Term Memory Function

Strategy Learning

Everyday Memory

Preliminary Explanations

Wisdom and Creativity

Summary

Variability in Late Adulthood

Physical Changes

Mental Health

Cognitive Changes

 

Chapter 18 Social and Personality Development in Late Adulthood

Learning Objectives

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Erikson’s Stage of Ego Integrity Versus Despair

Other Theories of Late-Life Psychosocial Functioning

Critical Thinking

Individual Differences

The Successful Aging Paradigm

Staying Healthy and Able

Retaining Cognitive Abilities

Social Engagement

Productivity

Life Satisfaction

Criticisms of The Successful Aging Paradigm

Religious Coping

Sex Differences

Religious Beliefs

Attendance at Religious Services

Critical Thinking

Social Relationships

Living Arrangements

Partnerships

Family Relationships and Friendships

Contacts With Adult Children

Effects of Relationships With Adult Children

Grandchildren And Siblings

Friendships

Gender Differences in Social Networks

Career Issues in Late Life

Timing of and Reasons for Retirement

Age

Health

Family Considerations

Financial Support

Work Characteristics

Sex Differences

Effects of Retirement

Income

Poverty

Health, Attitudes, and Emotions

Geographic Mobility

Choosing Not to Retire

Continuing in a Lifelong Occupation

Learning New Job Skills and Workplace Functioning

Summary

Theories of Social and Personality Development

Individual Differences

Social Relationships

Career Issues in Late Life

 

Chapter 19 Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Learning Objectives

The Experience of Death

Death Itself

End-of-Life Care

Hospital Care

Hospice Palliative Care

Caregiver Support

The Meaning of Death Across the Lifespan

Children’s and Adolescents’ Understanding of Death

The Meaning of Death for Adults

Early Adulthood

Middle and Late Adulthood

Death as Loss

Critical Thinking

Fear of Death

Fear of Death Across Adulthood

Religious and Spiritual Beliefs

Personal Worth

Preparation for Death

Terminal Decline

The Process of Dying

KĂĽbler-Ross’s Stages of Dying

Criticisms and Alternative Views

Responses to Impending Death

The Experience of Grieving

Psychosocial Functions of Death Rituals

Critical Thinking

The Process of Grieving

Age of the Bereaved

Mode of Death

Widowhood

Widowhood and Physical Health

Widowhood and Mental Health

Prolonged Grief

Preventing Long-Term Problems

Summary

The Experience of Death

The Meaning of Death Across the Lifespan

The Process of Dying

The Experience of Grieving


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

TEST BANK for Physics of Everyday Phenomena 10th Edition by W. Thomas Griffith

Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance 11th Edition. Scott Powers; Edward Howley and John Quindry. ISBN 9781260813562. TEST BANK.

Test Bank for Project Management in Practice, 7th Edition, 7e by Jack R. Meredith, Samuel J. Mantel, Jr., Scott M. Shafer, Margaret M. Sutton

Solutions Manual for Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation 3rd Edition By Easton‏ (All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)

Test Bank for Essentials of Maternity, Newborn, and Women's Health Nursing 6th Edition by Susan Ricci Complete All Chapters 1-5

Test Bank for Terrorism and Homeland Security 10th Edition by Jonathan R. White

APEA 3P Exam NUR 634 Grand Canyon University. | Contains 150 Commonly Tested Questions and Answers.

NURS 6550N-2 / NURS-6550 Midterm Exam Adv Prac Care in Acute Week 6 - Exam

Test Bank for Business Research Methods, 14th Edition, 14e by Pamela Schindler

NUTRITION 10 Grade Boost. Graded A